Chapter 151: "I'm already German"
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"Uh-huh?"
Tocqueville responded subconsciously to Jerome Bonaparte, and then he realized that the president was trying to deprive him of his right to participate in German affairs as the foreign minister!
If every president intervenes recklessly in foreign affairs, what else does the government need the foreign minister to do? Let the president directly serve as the foreign minister.
Tocqueville showed an expression of resistance, but he did not speak out against the president's decision. He wanted to express his dissatisfaction with silent words.
Tocqueville's expression was captured by Jerome Bonaparte.
If it is daily foreign affairs, of course, I will choose to respect the foreign minister.
Even if Tocqueville, the foreign minister, is not capable of handling complicated diplomacy, but in order to maintain harmony within the system, he will choose to respect the executive power of the minister.
However, the Prussian-Austrian affair is not a trivial matter. It is related to the strategic issues of France for nearly 20 years in the future. He really does not feel relieved to hand it over to a foreign minister who hastily dismissed a large number of diplomats of the old era.
[After Tocqueville became Minister of Foreign Affairs, he was dissatisfied with the foreign policy of some diplomats who remained in Orleans, so he laid off a group of diplomatic personnel, and at the same time transferred some diplomatic personnel who did not meet his wishes to other countries as ambassadors abroad . The former Minister of Foreign Affairs, T. Luy, was directly transferred to London by Tocqueville due to his clear foreign policy close to the Austrian Empire, as the ambassador of the French Embassy in London. 】
"Minister Tocqueville, I think you should give priority to solving the problems of the Roman region! The problem between Prussia and Austria is not only a political problem, but also a military one. These problems are mixed and go beyond The authority of a foreign minister."
Rather than directly excluding Tocqueville from the German system with a tough attitude, Jerome Bonaparte prefers to keep Tocqueville's face euphemistically, and it is obviously a better choice for him to mix in Roman foreign affairs. .
Jérôme Bonaparte successfully dismissed Tocqueville's idea with a succinct statement, that Roman foreign affairs was indeed a "mess".
At the beginning of June, General Reigno led the French army to successfully occupy the whole of Rome, and spent nearly a month "cleaning" the city of Rome.
In mid-July, with the reorganization of the local council clergy, the entire Papal State was again in the hands of the clergy class, and the local militia defending the Pope was also brainwashed by the clergy class into fanatical defenders of the Pope, who were given the gift of the French Republic. A batch of weapons seized from the Roman Republic was used to maintain local security, and the entire Papal State set off a frenzy of counterattack.
In early August, Pope Pius IX entered Rome at the invitation of General Reigno and Cardinal Antonelli.
Pius IX, who had just entered Rome, felt that he was too indulgent to the liberals in the city during 1848, which led to his expulsion from Rome. He was determined to kill the liberals in the pope city.
That's right, "kill" in Pius IX's mouth is literally killing.
With the exception of a few famous Europeans (e.g. Mazzini, ruler of the Roman Republic), thousands of Roman liberals were captured by the "army" appointed by Pius IX, and Antonelli was reinstated as Secretary of State position, and also the position of Home Secretary.
Under Antonelli's brutal execution, many Roman liberals were persecuted and died in prison, and a number of liberals were openly dragged to the execution ground to be executed.
The whole of Rome was shrouded in white terror.
Even General Reigno, the commander of the expeditionary force, couldn't stand it anymore. While he personally met the Pope to demand an end to the inhuman massacre, he wrote a letter to France begging Jérôme Bonaparte to stop him as president of France. The reverse execution of Pius IX.
As Jerome Bonaparte was still patrolling around, he did not receive a letter from Rome until late August.
So he immediately sent a private letter to Pius IX, tactfully advising Pius IX to stop killing people.
Pius IX, who received the letter, sent another letter to Jerome Bonaparte in early September, in which he complained to Jerome Bonaparte that the group of Roman liberals did not know how to be grateful, and then to Jerome Bonaparte. M. Bonaparte stated that he had stopped killing people under the "persuasion" of General Reño, and the remaining people would stay in Roman prisons with reprieve.
Jerome Bonaparte, who wanted to make Pope Pius IX's pardon to win the hearts of the people, found that the current pope is not much different from the popes in history, but there is an extra council composed of priests, one loyal to the Pope. Homecoming group.
"Your Excellency, I would like to ask what is our policy on Rome? Or, what is our bottom line for Pope Pius IX?" Tocqueville asked Jerome Bonaparte.
"The government hopes that Pope Pius IX can implement reforms with enlightened theories, instead of using the weapons in his hands to slaughter." Jerome Bonaparte paused and added: "At least let the Pope put some liberals as soon as possible. Amnesty for people!"
"I understand!" Tocqueville nodded and replied.
"Minister Tocqueville, you have to worry about the situation in Rome! If necessary, I want you to go to Rome to talk to Pius IX in person!" Jerome Bonaparte said to Tocqueville again.
Tocqueville nodded again to show his understanding, and after Jerome Bonaparte chatted with Tocqueville for a while, Tocqueville left.
Jerome Bonaparte, who bid farewell to Tocqueville, turned to Mocar and said, "Mr. Mocar, please call the Prussian envoy! Just say I want to discuss with him a series of things that happened in the German region! "
"Yes!" Mokar left after receiving the order.
Half an hour later, Mokar took the Prussian envoy to the study.
"Hello, Mr. President!" said the Prince of Prussia to Jerome Bonaparte, speaking French more Parisian than Parisian.
"Hello, Mr. Envoy!" Jerome Bonaparte responded to the Prussian envoy in Low German with a bad taste.
The Prussian envoy first showed a surprised expression, and then returned to indifference.
According to the information collected by the Prussian envoy in Paris, the president in front of him has lived in the Kingdom of Württemberg since he was a child, and German is equivalent to half his native language.
The irony is that a man born in Germany and raised in Italy became the president of France.
The Prussian envoy did not know whether to say that France was tolerant, or that France might only be strong in the hands of foreigners.
"Mr. President, I didn't expect your German to be so standard!" The Prussian ambassador also used Low German to pretend to be surprised: "If you were not the French president, I would have thought that I was communicating with a pure German."
Although the Prussian envoy was pulling himself into his relationship with him, the words of the Prussian envoy still made Jerome Bonaparte feel a slight discomfort.
This phrase was used in 1945, and it is more used than it is now.
At the moment, Jerome Bonaparte can also only be cheeky and say: "Perhaps it's because I have 1/2 German blood in my body, plus I grew up in the Kingdom of Württemberg! Mr. Minister, don't Look at me now the president of the French Republic, but I love Germany no less than you! I am already a glorious German!"
Of course, the second half of Jerome Bonaparte's sentence has not yet been said: it is best to let the entire Rhineland join France, and by the way, Germany will also become a vassal state of France, so as to alleviate his "suffering of lovesickness".
"I am very happy that Germany can have a French person like you who loves Germany!" Of course, the Prussian envoy did not believe in Jerome Bonaparte's nonsense, but as a diplomat, his job That is, people talk to people, and ghosts talk to ghosts. He can only follow Jerome Bonaparte's point of view to find a breakthrough and fight back.
"Mr. Minister, as an honorary German, I feel sorry for the recent tragedy in the German region! Why did Prussia and Austria, who are fellow Germans, have to make a fuss about the result of the sword-fighting encounter!" Bonaparte pretended to be melancholy and said: "I hope that all Europeans can join hands to develop together, the French and Germans will not be hostile to each other, the monarchy and the republic will not be hostile to each other, and Prussia and Austria can put aside disputes. .uukanshu.com Let's work together to develop together!
I hope that Europe can form a United States of Europa like the United States of America on the other side of the ocean! I hope that the French Republic can fully integrate into the big family of Europe. I know that my uncle brought you a lot of scars back then, but the scars have faded after more than 30 years of running-in. Now, it is even more time for us to join hands and unite for peace in Europe. "
Jerome Bonaparte hid France's demands in a long paragraph of nonsense. He believed that the Prussian envoy, who was a diplomat, would definitely be able to hear the meaning of this sentence.
"Mr. President, on behalf of myself, I only welcome the French Republic to join Europe to maintain the European order! The esteemed Emperor Napoleon did bring certain harm to Germany, but he also made Germany more closely united! I believe not only It's me, and our King William IV also welcomes France to join it!" The Prussian envoy heard Jerome Bonaparte's request, and he immediately wrote a blank check to Jerome Bonaparte.
Of course, the liberal Prussian envoy at this time did not know that Frederick William IV in his mouth would announce a year later that he would not form an alliance with France and would not accept a republic.
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"Uh-huh?"
Tocqueville responded subconsciously to Jerome Bonaparte, and then he realized that the president was trying to deprive him of his right to participate in German affairs as the foreign minister!
If every president intervenes recklessly in foreign affairs, what else does the government need the foreign minister to do? Let the president directly serve as the foreign minister.
Tocqueville showed an expression of resistance, but he did not speak out against the president's decision. He wanted to express his dissatisfaction with silent words.
Tocqueville's expression was captured by Jerome Bonaparte.
If it is daily foreign affairs, of course, I will choose to respect the foreign minister.
Even if Tocqueville, the foreign minister, is not capable of handling complicated diplomacy, but in order to maintain harmony within the system, he will choose to respect the executive power of the minister.
However, the Prussian-Austrian affair is not a trivial matter. It is related to the strategic issues of France for nearly 20 years in the future. He really does not feel relieved to hand it over to a foreign minister who hastily dismissed a large number of diplomats of the old era.
[After Tocqueville became Minister of Foreign Affairs, he was dissatisfied with the foreign policy of some diplomats who remained in Orleans, so he laid off a group of diplomatic personnel, and at the same time transferred some diplomatic personnel who did not meet his wishes to other countries as ambassadors abroad . The former Minister of Foreign Affairs, T. Luy, was directly transferred to London by Tocqueville due to his clear foreign policy close to the Austrian Empire, as the ambassador of the French Embassy in London. 】
"Minister Tocqueville, I think you should give priority to solving the problems of the Roman region! The problem between Prussia and Austria is not only a political problem, but also a military one. These problems are mixed and go beyond The authority of a foreign minister."
Rather than directly excluding Tocqueville from the German system with a tough attitude, Jerome Bonaparte prefers to keep Tocqueville's face euphemistically, and it is obviously a better choice for him to mix in Roman foreign affairs. .
Jérôme Bonaparte successfully dismissed Tocqueville's idea with a succinct statement, that Roman foreign affairs was indeed a "mess".
At the beginning of June, General Reigno led the French army to successfully occupy the whole of Rome, and spent nearly a month "cleaning" the city of Rome.
In mid-July, with the reorganization of the local council clergy, the entire Papal State was again in the hands of the clergy class, and the local militia defending the Pope was also brainwashed by the clergy class into fanatical defenders of the Pope, who were given the gift of the French Republic. A batch of weapons seized from the Roman Republic was used to maintain local security, and the entire Papal State set off a frenzy of counterattack.
In early August, Pope Pius IX entered Rome at the invitation of General Reigno and Cardinal Antonelli.
Pius IX, who had just entered Rome, felt that he was too indulgent to the liberals in the city during 1848, which led to his expulsion from Rome. He was determined to kill the liberals in the pope city.
That's right, "kill" in Pius IX's mouth is literally killing.
With the exception of a few famous Europeans (e.g. Mazzini, ruler of the Roman Republic), thousands of Roman liberals were captured by the "army" appointed by Pius IX, and Antonelli was reinstated as Secretary of State position, and also the position of Home Secretary.
Under Antonelli's brutal execution, many Roman liberals were persecuted and died in prison, and a number of liberals were openly dragged to the execution ground to be executed.
The whole of Rome was shrouded in white terror.
Even General Reigno, the commander of the expeditionary force, couldn't stand it anymore. While he personally met the Pope to demand an end to the inhuman massacre, he wrote a letter to France begging Jérôme Bonaparte to stop him as president of France. The reverse execution of Pius IX.
As Jerome Bonaparte was still patrolling around, he did not receive a letter from Rome until late August.
So he immediately sent a private letter to Pius IX, tactfully advising Pius IX to stop killing people.
Pius IX, who received the letter, sent another letter to Jerome Bonaparte in early September, in which he complained to Jerome Bonaparte that the group of Roman liberals did not know how to be grateful, and then to Jerome Bonaparte. M. Bonaparte stated that he had stopped killing people under the "persuasion" of General Reño, and the remaining people would stay in Roman prisons with reprieve.
Jerome Bonaparte, who wanted to make Pope Pius IX's pardon to win the hearts of the people, found that the current pope is not much different from the popes in history, but there is an extra council composed of priests, one loyal to the Pope. Homecoming group.
"Your Excellency, I would like to ask what is our policy on Rome? Or, what is our bottom line for Pope Pius IX?" Tocqueville asked Jerome Bonaparte.
"The government hopes that Pope Pius IX can implement reforms with enlightened theories, instead of using the weapons in his hands to slaughter." Jerome Bonaparte paused and added: "At least let the Pope put some liberals as soon as possible. Amnesty for people!"
"I understand!" Tocqueville nodded and replied.
"Minister Tocqueville, you have to worry about the situation in Rome! If necessary, I want you to go to Rome to talk to Pius IX in person!" Jerome Bonaparte said to Tocqueville again.
Tocqueville nodded again to show his understanding, and after Jerome Bonaparte chatted with Tocqueville for a while, Tocqueville left.
Jerome Bonaparte, who bid farewell to Tocqueville, turned to Mocar and said, "Mr. Mocar, please call the Prussian envoy! Just say I want to discuss with him a series of things that happened in the German region! "
"Yes!" Mokar left after receiving the order.
Half an hour later, Mokar took the Prussian envoy to the study.
"Hello, Mr. President!" said the Prince of Prussia to Jerome Bonaparte, speaking French more Parisian than Parisian.
"Hello, Mr. Envoy!" Jerome Bonaparte responded to the Prussian envoy in Low German with a bad taste.
The Prussian envoy first showed a surprised expression, and then returned to indifference.
According to the information collected by the Prussian envoy in Paris, the president in front of him has lived in the Kingdom of Württemberg since he was a child, and German is equivalent to half his native language.
The irony is that a man born in Germany and raised in Italy became the president of France.
The Prussian envoy did not know whether to say that France was tolerant, or that France might only be strong in the hands of foreigners.
"Mr. President, I didn't expect your German to be so standard!" The Prussian ambassador also used Low German to pretend to be surprised: "If you were not the French president, I would have thought that I was communicating with a pure German."
Although the Prussian envoy was pulling himself into his relationship with him, the words of the Prussian envoy still made Jerome Bonaparte feel a slight discomfort.
This phrase was used in 1945, and it is more used than it is now.
At the moment, Jerome Bonaparte can also only be cheeky and say: "Perhaps it's because I have 1/2 German blood in my body, plus I grew up in the Kingdom of Württemberg! Mr. Minister, don't Look at me now the president of the French Republic, but I love Germany no less than you! I am already a glorious German!"
Of course, the second half of Jerome Bonaparte's sentence has not yet been said: it is best to let the entire Rhineland join France, and by the way, Germany will also become a vassal state of France, so as to alleviate his "suffering of lovesickness".
"I am very happy that Germany can have a French person like you who loves Germany!" Of course, the Prussian envoy did not believe in Jerome Bonaparte's nonsense, but as a diplomat, his job That is, people talk to people, and ghosts talk to ghosts. He can only follow Jerome Bonaparte's point of view to find a breakthrough and fight back.
"Mr. Minister, as an honorary German, I feel sorry for the recent tragedy in the German region! Why did Prussia and Austria, who are fellow Germans, have to make a fuss about the result of the sword-fighting encounter!" Bonaparte pretended to be melancholy and said: "I hope that all Europeans can join hands to develop together, the French and Germans will not be hostile to each other, the monarchy and the republic will not be hostile to each other, and Prussia and Austria can put aside disputes. .uukanshu.com Let's work together to develop together!
I hope that Europe can form a United States of Europa like the United States of America on the other side of the ocean! I hope that the French Republic can fully integrate into the big family of Europe. I know that my uncle brought you a lot of scars back then, but the scars have faded after more than 30 years of running-in. Now, it is even more time for us to join hands and unite for peace in Europe. "
Jerome Bonaparte hid France's demands in a long paragraph of nonsense. He believed that the Prussian envoy, who was a diplomat, would definitely be able to hear the meaning of this sentence.
"Mr. President, on behalf of myself, I only welcome the French Republic to join Europe to maintain the European order! The esteemed Emperor Napoleon did bring certain harm to Germany, but he also made Germany more closely united! I believe not only It's me, and our King William IV also welcomes France to join it!" The Prussian envoy heard Jerome Bonaparte's request, and he immediately wrote a blank check to Jerome Bonaparte.
Of course, the liberal Prussian envoy at this time did not know that Frederick William IV in his mouth would announce a year later that he would not form an alliance with France and would not accept a republic.
"Uh-huh?"Tocqueville responded subconsciously to Jerome Bonaparte, and then he realized that the president was trying to deprive him of his right to participate in German affairs as the foreign minister!If every president intervenes recklessly in foreign affairs, what else does the government need the foreign minister to do? Let the president directly serve as the foreign minister.Tocqueville showed an expression of resistance, but he did not speak out against the president's decision. He wanted to express his dissatisfaction with silent words.Tocqueville's expression was captured by Jerome Bonaparte.If it is daily foreign affairs, of course, I will choose to respect the foreign minister.Even if Tocqueville, the foreign minister, is not capable of handling complicated diplomacy, but in order to maintain harmony within the system, he will choose to respect the executive power of the minister.However, the Prussian-Austrian affair is not a trivial matter. It is related to the strategic issues of France for nearly 20 years in the future. He really does not feel relieved to hand it over to a foreign minister who hastily dismissed a large number of diplomats of the old era.After Tocqueville became Minister of Foreign Affairs, he was dissatisfied with the foreign policy of some diplomats who remained in Orleans, so he laid off a group of diplomatic personnel, and at the same time transferred some diplomatic personnel who did not meet his wishes to other countries as ambassadors abroad . The former Minister of Foreign Affairs, T. Luy, was directly transferred to London by Tocqueville due to his clear foreign policy close to the Austrian Empire, as the ambassador of the French Embassy in London. "Minister Tocqueville, I think you should give priority to solving the problems of the Roman region! The problem between Prussia and Austria is not only a political problem, but also a military one. These problems are mixed and go beyond The authority of a foreign minister."Rather than directly excluding Tocqueville from the German system with a tough attitude, Jerome Bonaparte prefers to keep Tocqueville's face euphemistically, and it is obviously a better choice for him to mix in Roman foreign affairs. .Jrme Bonaparte successfully dismissed Tocqueville's idea with a succinct statement, that Roman foreign affairs was indeed a "mess".At the beginning of June, General Reigno led the French army to successfully occupy the whole of Rome, and spent nearly a month "cleaning" the city of Rome.In mid-July, with the reorganization of the local council clergy, the entire Papal State was again in the hands of the clergy class, and the local militia defending the Pope was also brainwashed by the clergy class into fanatical defenders of the Pope, who were given the gift of the French Republic. A batch of weapons seized from the Roman Republic was used to maintain local security, and the entire Papal State set off a frenzy of counterattack.In early August, Pope Pius IX entered Rome at the invitation of General Reigno and Cardinal Antonelli.Pius IX, who had just entered Rome, felt that he was too indulgent to the liberals in the city during 1848, which led to his expulsion from Rome. He was determined to kill the liberals in the pope city.That's right, "kill" in Pius IX's mouth is literally killing.With the exception of a few famous Europeans e.g. Mazzini, ruler of the Roman Republic, thousands of Roman liberals were captured by the "army" appointed by Pius IX, and Antonelli was reinstated as Secretary of State position, and also the position of Home Secretary.Under Antonelli's brutal execution, many Roman liberals were persecuted and died in prison, and a number of liberals were openly dragged to the execution ground to be executed.The whole of Rome was shrouded in white terror.Even General Reigno, the commander of the expeditionary force, couldn't stand it anymore. While he personally met the Pope to demand an end to the inhuman massacre, he wrote a letter to France begging Jrme Bonaparte to stop him as president of France. The reverse execution of Pius IX.As Jerome Bonaparte was still patrolling around, he did not receive a letter from Rome until late August.So he immediately sent a private letter to Pius IX, tactfully advising Pius IX to stop killing people.Pius IX, who received the letter, sent another letter to Jerome Bonaparte in early September, in which he complained to Jerome Bonaparte that the group of Roman liberals did not know how to be grateful, and then to Jerome Bonaparte. M. Bonaparte stated that he had stopped killing people under the "persuasion" of General Reo, and the remaining people would stay in Roman prisons with reprieve.Jerome Bonaparte, who wanted to make Pope Pius IX's pardon to win the hearts of the people, found that the current pope is not much different from the popes in history, but there is an extra council composed of priests, one loyal to the Pope. Homecoming group."Your Excellency, I would like to ask what is our policy on Rome? Or, what is our bottom line for Pope Pius IX?" Tocqueville asked Jerome Bonaparte."The government hopes that Pope Pius IX can implement reforms with enlightened theories, instead of using the weapons in his hands to slaughter." Jerome Bonaparte paused and added: "At least let the Pope put some liberals as soon as possible. Amnesty for people!""I understand!" Tocqueville nodded and replied."Minister Tocqueville, you have to worry about the situation in Rome! If necessary, I want you to go to Rome to talk to Pius IX in person!" Jerome Bonaparte said to Tocqueville again.Tocqueville nodded again to show his understanding, and after Jerome Bonaparte chatted with Tocqueville for a while, Tocqueville left.Jerome Bonaparte, who bid farewell to Tocqueville, turned to Mocar and said, "Mr. Mocar, please call the Prussian envoy! Just say I want to discuss with him a series of things that happened in the German region! ""Yes!" Mokar left after receiving the order.Half an hour later, Mokar took the Prussian envoy to the study."Hello, Mr. President!" said the Prince of Prussia to Jerome Bonaparte, speaking French more Parisian than Parisian."Hello, Mr. Envoy!" Jerome Bonaparte responded to the Prussian envoy in Low German with a bad taste.The Prussian envoy first showed a surprised expression, and then returned to indifference.According to the information collected by the Prussian envoy in Paris, the president in front of him has lived in the Kingdom of Wrttemberg since he was a child, and German is equivalent to half his native language.The irony is that a man born in Germany and raised in Italy became the president of France.The Prussian envoy did not know whether to say that France was tolerant, or that France might only be strong in the hands of foreigners."Mr. President, I didn't expect your German to be so standard!" The Prussian ambassador also used Low German to pretend to be surprised: "If you were not the French president, I would have thought that I was communicating with a pure German."Although the Prussian envoy was pulling himself into his relationship with him, the words of the Prussian envoy still made Jerome Bonaparte feel a slight discomfort.This phrase was used in 1945, and it is more used than it is now.At the moment, Jerome Bonaparte can also only be cheeky and say: "Perhaps it's because I have 1/2 German blood in my body, plus I grew up in the Kingdom of Wrttemberg! Mr. Minister, don't Look at me now the president of the French Republic, but I love Germany no less than you! I am already a glorious German!"Of course, the second half of Jerome Bonaparte's sentence has not yet been said: it is best to let the entire Rhineland join France, and by the way, Germany will also become a vassal state of France, so as to alleviate his "suffering of lovesickness"."I am very happy that Germany can have a French person like you who loves Germany!" Of course, the Prussian envoy did not believe in Jerome Bonaparte's nonsense, but as a diplomat, his job That is, people talk to people, and ghosts talk to ghosts. He can only follow Jerome Bonaparte's point of view to find a breakthrough and fight back."Mr. Minister, as an honorary German, I feel sorry for the recent tragedy in the German region! Why did Prussia and Austria, who are fellow Germans, have to make a fuss about the result of the sword-fighting encounter!" Bonaparte pretended to be melancholy and said: "I hope that all Europeans can join hands to develop together, the French and Germans will not be hostile to each other, the monarchy and the republic will not be hostile to each other, and Prussia and Austria can put aside disputes. .uukanshu.com Let's work together to develop together!I hope that Europe can form a United States of Europa like the United States of America on the other side of the ocean! I hope that the French Republic can fully integrate into the big family of Europe. I know that my uncle brought you a lot of scars back then, but the scars have faded after more than 30 years of running-in. Now, it is even more time for us to join hands and unite for peace in Europe. "Jerome Bonaparte hid France's demands in a long paragraph of nonsense. He believed that the Prussian envoy, who was a diplomat, would definitely be able to hear the meaning of this sentence."Mr. President, on behalf of myself, I only welcome the French Republic to join Europe to maintain the European order! The esteemed Emperor Napoleon did bring certain harm to Germany, but he also made Germany more closely united! I believe not only It's me, and our King William IV also welcomes France to join it!" The Prussian envoy heard Jerome Bonaparte's request, and he immediately wrote a blank check to Jerome Bonaparte.Of course, the liberal Prussian envoy at this time did not know that Frederick William IV in his mouth would announce a year later that he would not form an alliance with France and would not accept a republic.
