Chapter 342
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From the perspective of Xiangjiang, the most direct and obvious impact of Britain's accession to the European economic community is tariff.
Since the beginning of this century, that is, since 1900, Britain has introduced an imperial preferential system aimed at reducing and balancing mutual import tariffs in the "sun does not set" colonial system, so as to improve its competition with Germany and the United States and consolidate the British colonial system.
Of course, the imperial preferential system must give priority to the interests of Britain, but Xiangjiang, a small place, can get some soup and make a good life.
However, although the imperial preferential system was very effective in the early stage of this century, it was inevitably impacted by the drastic changes in the world pattern after the end of the Second World War.
The general agreement on Tariffs and trade led by the United States and the European economic community led by France and West Germany are all gradually suppressing Britain's imperial preferential system, so that Britain has now turned to the embrace of the European economic community.
Normally speaking, with British qualifications, it should be no problem to become a founding member of the European Economic Community and join it at the beginning of the establishment of the European Economic Community, eliminating the steps of seeking accession later.
However, when the Paris Treaty was signed in 1951 and the European Coal and steel community was established, Britain did not appear; When the Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957 and the wider European economic community was established, Britain was also absent;
The dramatic change in Britain's attitude towards the European Economic Community occurred during the conservative Harold Macmillan cabinet and at the European economic community meeting in January 1963. As a result, it was rejected by the then French President Charles de Gaulle.
The internal reason is that de Gaulle worried that after Britain joined the European Economic Community, the European economic community would become another version of "Atlantic group relying on the United States"; In addition, de Gaulle was very dissatisfied with the cooperation between Britain and the United States in nuclear weapons.
After Britain's application to join the European economic community was frustrated, it did not give up. Instead, it launched various public relations with France, even close to flattering. Even the Xiangjiang River in the Far East was affected.
For example, for projects such as the construction of large reservoirs by Xiangjiang to solve the crisis of lack of fresh water resources, when bidding with international consortia, once the participating French enterprises lose the election, they will protest, frightening London to put pressure on Xiangjiang to win the bid.
It was not until Charles de Gaulle's death in 1970 that Britain's application to join the European economic community had a clear turn for the better; In addition, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the British Conservative cabinet from 1970 to 1974, established friendship with de Gaulle's successor and then French President Pompidou, so that he no longer voted against it. This enabled Britain to officially join the European Economic Community with Ireland and Denmark on January 1, 1973.
However, although Britain has made great efforts to join the European Economic Community, there has always been a strong European skepticism in Britain, that is, the voice against the European economic community.
This anti European orthodoxy has a wide spectrum of supporters in both the conservative party, the Labour Party and other organizations.
Worse still, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the conservative cabinet, who led Britain into the European Economic Community, lost to Harold Wilson of the Labour Party in the British general election in 1974.
At this stage, the achievements of the European economic community are mainly reflected in the cancellation of tariffs on industrial products among Member States one and a half years ahead of the original plan in July 1968; In terms of agricultural products, in addition to the realization of a customs union, it also implements a common agricultural policy, unifies prices and establishes an agricultural fund.
Harold Wilson's Labor Party has always expressed concern about this common agricultural policy.
Because, in the Commonwealth system, food prices are generally not high; However, as soon as Britain joins the European Economic Community, food prices are bound to rise, which is easy to make the British society with one strike after another more contradictory.
Of course, the differences in British politics over Britain's accession to the European economic community are not so simple. In the final analysis, they are unwilling to hand over part of their sovereignty to the European Economic Community, which is higher than other countries.
In the face of the query that the conservative cabinet signed adverse terms in the negotiations during Britain's hasty accession to the European Economic Community, Edward Heath, who was about to step down, came up with a move to hold a referendum on whether Britain should remain in the European economic community.
This is no small matter, because it will be the first national referendum in British history.
It is not hard to imagine that the "first time" must be carefully prepared, so the referendum on Britain's "brexit" in this era was finally set in 1975. It will be held in June this year.
Gao Xian came to the UK to accept CBE and just caught up with the excitement. He saw the British media, large enterprises, trade unions, social institutions, and even the British government. Let's play a big play together.
Generally speaking, although the voice of opposing Britain's partial sovereignty to the European economic community is not low, Britain's accession to the European economic community is indeed a general trend.
One evidence is that both Harold Wilson, the leader of the ruling Labour Party, and Margaret Thatcher, the new leader of the opposition Conservative Party, agree with Britain's accession to the European economic community.
The main difference between the two is that Harold Wilson is not satisfied with the terms signed by the conservative party to lead Britain to join the European economic community.
Therefore, in its official publicity campaign, the British government printed a booklet and distributed it to every family in Britain. It pointed out that the problems in the renegotiation were food, money and work.
In addition, almost all mainstream British media sing well about Britain's accession to the European Economic Community, and the "yes" series of advertisements were broadcast on BBC Radio one and two and British Independent Television, attracting as many as 20 million viewers.
It has to be said that British banks and large industrial companies are "Pro European" and have invested a lot of money in the public relations activities of the referendum.
Finally, Sir Philip Allen, the chief vote counting officer, announced that the turnout in this referendum was 64.62%, of which 67.23% agreed with Britain's accession to the European economic community.
In other words, the general trend of Britain's accession to the European economic community has been set. There is no need for politicians to waste saliva on the issue of "yes" and "no". It is serious to strive for detailed provisions favorable to Britain.
After Gao Xian simply calculated the result of multiplying the voting rate of this referendum by the pass rate, he further realized that whether Britain and the European continent are close or not depends on how much benefit it can bring.
Zhou Wenyao asked, "boss, since Britain's accession to the European economic community is a foregone conclusion, can our home video game consoles and personal computers take this as a springboard to quickly enter the continental European market?"
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From the perspective of Xiangjiang, the most direct and obvious impact of Britain's accession to the European economic community is tariff.
Since the beginning of this century, that is, since 1900, Britain has introduced an imperial preferential system aimed at reducing and balancing mutual import tariffs in the "sun does not set" colonial system, so as to improve its competition with Germany and the United States and consolidate the British colonial system.
Of course, the imperial preferential system must give priority to the interests of Britain, but Xiangjiang, a small place, can get some soup and make a good life.
However, although the imperial preferential system was very effective in the early stage of this century, it was inevitably impacted by the drastic changes in the world pattern after the end of the Second World War.
The general agreement on Tariffs and trade led by the United States and the European economic community led by France and West Germany are all gradually suppressing Britain's imperial preferential system, so that Britain has now turned to the embrace of the European economic community.
Normally speaking, with British qualifications, it should be no problem to become a founding member of the European Economic Community and join it at the beginning of the establishment of the European Economic Community, eliminating the steps of seeking accession later.
However, when the Paris Treaty was signed in 1951 and the European Coal and steel community was established, Britain did not appear; When the Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957 and the wider European economic community was established, Britain was also absent;
The dramatic change in Britain's attitude towards the European Economic Community occurred during the conservative Harold Macmillan cabinet and at the European economic community meeting in January 1963. As a result, it was rejected by the then French President Charles de Gaulle.
The internal reason is that de Gaulle worried that after Britain joined the European Economic Community, the European economic community would become another version of "Atlantic group relying on the United States"; In addition, de Gaulle was very dissatisfied with the cooperation between Britain and the United States in nuclear weapons.
After Britain's application to join the European economic community was frustrated, it did not give up. Instead, it launched various public relations with France, even close to flattering. Even the Xiangjiang River in the Far East was affected.
For example, for projects such as the construction of large reservoirs by Xiangjiang to solve the crisis of lack of fresh water resources, when bidding with international consortia, once the participating French enterprises lose the election, they will protest, frightening London to put pressure on Xiangjiang to win the bid.
It was not until Charles de Gaulle's death in 1970 that Britain's application to join the European economic community had a clear turn for the better; In addition, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the British Conservative cabinet from 1970 to 1974, established friendship with de Gaulle's successor and then French President Pompidou, so that he no longer voted against it. This enabled Britain to officially join the European Economic Community with Ireland and Denmark on January 1, 1973.
However, although Britain has made great efforts to join the European Economic Community, there has always been a strong European skepticism in Britain, that is, the voice against the European economic community.
This anti European orthodoxy has a wide spectrum of supporters in both the conservative party, the Labour Party and other organizations.
Worse still, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the conservative cabinet, who led Britain into the European Economic Community, lost to Harold Wilson of the Labour Party in the British general election in 1974.
At this stage, the achievements of the European economic community are mainly reflected in the cancellation of tariffs on industrial products among Member States one and a half years ahead of the original plan in July 1968; In terms of agricultural products, in addition to the realization of a customs union, it also implements a common agricultural policy, unifies prices and establishes an agricultural fund.
Harold Wilson's Labor Party has always expressed concern about this common agricultural policy.
Because, in the Commonwealth system, food prices are generally not high; However, as soon as Britain joins the European Economic Community, food prices are bound to rise, which is easy to make the British society with one strike after another more contradictory.
Of course, the differences in British politics over Britain's accession to the European economic community are not so simple. In the final analysis, they are unwilling to hand over part of their sovereignty to the European Economic Community, which is higher than other countries.
In the face of the query that the conservative cabinet signed adverse terms in the negotiations during Britain's hasty accession to the European Economic Community, Edward Heath, who was about to step down, came up with a move to hold a referendum on whether Britain should remain in the European economic community.
This is no small matter, because it will be the first national referendum in British history.
It is not hard to imagine that the "first time" must be carefully prepared, so the referendum on Britain's "brexit" in this era was finally set in 1975. It will be held in June this year.
Gao Xian came to the UK to accept CBE and just caught up with the excitement. He saw the British media, large enterprises, trade unions, social institutions, and even the British government. Let's play a big play together.
Generally speaking, although the voice of opposing Britain's partial sovereignty to the European economic community is not low, Britain's accession to the European economic community is indeed a general trend.
One evidence is that both Harold Wilson, the leader of the ruling Labour Party, and Margaret Thatcher, the new leader of the opposition Conservative Party, agree with Britain's accession to the European economic community.
The main difference between the two is that Harold Wilson is not satisfied with the terms signed by the conservative party to lead Britain to join the European economic community.
Therefore, in its official publicity campaign, the British government printed a booklet and distributed it to every family in Britain. It pointed out that the problems in the renegotiation were food, money and work.
In addition, almost all mainstream British media sing well about Britain's accession to the European Economic Community, and the "yes" series of advertisements were broadcast on BBC Radio one and two and British Independent Television, attracting as many as 20 million viewers.
It has to be said that British banks and large industrial companies are "Pro European" and have invested a lot of money in the public relations activities of the referendum.
Finally, Sir Philip Allen, the chief vote counting officer, announced that the turnout in this referendum was 64.62%, of which 67.23% agreed with Britain's accession to the European economic community.
In other words, the general trend of Britain's accession to the European economic community has been set. There is no need for politicians to waste saliva on the issue of "yes" and "no". It is serious to strive for detailed provisions favorable to Britain.
After Gao Xian simply calculated the result of multiplying the voting rate of this referendum by the pass rate, he further realized that whether Britain and the European continent are close or not depends on how much benefit it can bring.
Zhou Wenyao asked, "boss, since Britain's accession to the European economic community is a foregone conclusion, can our home video game consoles and personal computers take this as a springboard to quickly enter the continental European market?"
From the perspective of Xiangjiang, the most direct and obvious impact of Britain's accession to the European economic community is tariff.Since the beginning of this century, that is, since 1900, Britain has introduced an imperial preferential system aimed at reducing and balancing mutual import tariffs in the "sun does not set" colonial system, so as to improve its competition with Germany and the United States and consolidate the British colonial system.Of course, the imperial preferential system must give priority to the interests of Britain, but Xiangjiang, a small place, can get some soup and make a good life.However, although the imperial preferential system was very effective in the early stage of this century, it was inevitably impacted by the drastic changes in the world pattern after the end of the Second World War.The general agreement on Tariffs and trade led by the United States and the European economic community led by France and West Germany are all gradually suppressing Britain's imperial preferential system, so that Britain has now turned to the embrace of the European economic community.Normally speaking, with British qualifications, it should be no problem to become a founding member of the European Economic Community and join it at the beginning of the establishment of the European Economic Community, eliminating the steps of seeking accession later.However, when the Paris Treaty was signed in 1951 and the European Coal and steel community was established, Britain did not appear; When the Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957 and the wider European economic community was established, Britain was also absent;The dramatic change in Britain's attitude towards the European Economic Community occurred during the conservative Harold Macmillan cabinet and at the European economic community meeting in January 1963. As a result, it was rejected by the then French President Charles de Gaulle.The internal reason is that de Gaulle worried that after Britain joined the European Economic Community, the European economic community would become another version of "Atlantic group relying on the United States"; In addition, de Gaulle was very dissatisfied with the cooperation between Britain and the United States in nuclear weapons.After Britain's application to join the European economic community was frustrated, it did not give up. Instead, it launched various public relations with France, even close to flattering. Even the Xiangjiang River in the Far East was affected.For example, for projects such as the construction of large reservoirs by Xiangjiang to solve the crisis of lack of fresh water resources, when bidding with international consortia, once the participating French enterprises lose the election, they will protest, frightening London to put pressure on Xiangjiang to win the bid.It was not until Charles de Gaulle's death in 1970 that Britain's application to join the European economic community had a clear turn for the better; In addition, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the British Conservative cabinet from 1970 to 1974, established friendship with de Gaulle's successor and then French President Pompidou, so that he no longer voted against it. This enabled Britain to officially join the European Economic Community with Ireland and Denmark on January 1, 1973.However, although Britain has made great efforts to join the European Economic Community, there has always been a strong European skepticism in Britain, that is, the voice against the European economic community.This anti European orthodoxy has a wide spectrum of supporters in both the conservative party, the Labour Party and other organizations.Worse still, Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the conservative cabinet, who led Britain into the European Economic Community, lost to Harold Wilson of the Labour Party in the British general election in 1974.At this stage, the achievements of the European economic community are mainly reflected in the cancellation of tariffs on industrial products among Member States one and a half years ahead of the original plan in July 1968; In terms of agricultural products, in addition to the realization of a customs union, it also implements a common agricultural policy, unifies prices and establishes an agricultural fund.Harold Wilson's Labor Party has always expressed concern about this common agricultural policy.Because, in the Commonwealth system, food prices are generally not high; However, as soon as Britain joins the European Economic Community, food prices are bound to rise, which is easy to make the British society with one strike after another more contradictory.Of course, the differences in British politics over Britain's accession to the European economic community are not so simple. In the final analysis, they are unwilling to hand over part of their sovereignty to the European Economic Community, which is higher than other countries.In the face of the query that the conservative cabinet signed adverse terms in the negotiations during Britain's hasty accession to the European Economic Community, Edward Heath, who was about to step down, came up with a move to hold a referendum on whether Britain should remain in the European economic community.This is no small matter, because it will be the first national referendum in British history.It is not hard to imagine that the "first time" must be carefully prepared, so the referendum on Britain's "brexit" in this era was finally set in 1975. It will be held in June this year.Gao Xian came to the UK to accept CBE and just caught up with the excitement. He saw the British media, large enterprises, trade unions, social institutions, and even the British government. Let's play a big play together.Generally speaking, although the voice of opposing Britain's partial sovereignty to the European economic community is not low, Britain's accession to the European economic community is indeed a general trend.One evidence is that both Harold Wilson, the leader of the ruling Labour Party, and Margaret Thatcher, the new leader of the opposition Conservative Party, agree with Britain's accession to the European economic community.The main difference between the two is that Harold Wilson is not satisfied with the terms signed by the conservative party to lead Britain to join the European economic community.Therefore, in its official publicity campaign, the British government printed a booklet and distributed it to every family in Britain. It pointed out that the problems in the renegotiation were food, money and work.In addition, almost all mainstream British media sing well about Britain's accession to the European Economic Community, and the "yes" series of advertisements were broadcast on BBC Radio one and two and British Independent Television, attracting as many as 20 million viewers.It has to be said that British banks and large industrial companies are "Pro European" and have invested a lot of money in the public relations activities of the referendum.Finally, Sir Philip Allen, the chief vote counting officer, announced that the turnout in this referendum was 64.62%, of which 67.23% agreed with Britain's accession to the European economic community.In other words, the general trend of Britain's accession to the European economic community has been set. There is no need for politicians to waste saliva on the issue of "yes" and "no". It is serious to strive for detailed provisions favorable to Britain.After Gao Xian simply calculated the result of multiplying the voting rate of this referendum by the pass rate, he further realized that whether Britain and the European continent are close or not depends on how much benefit it can bring.Zhou Wenyao asked, "boss, since Britain's accession to the European economic community is a foregone conclusion, can our home video game consoles and personal computers take this as a springboard to quickly enter the continental European market?"
